Eleven newspapers stopped publication Tuesday in protest at new limits on freedom of expression, and at least three private television networks said they will not broadcast on Wednesday.

A Qaeda affiliate is operating terrorist training camps in northern Mali and using momentum there to recruit across sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East and Europe, Gen. Carter F. Ham said.

A top judicial administrator said judges and prosecutors would supervise the constitutional referendum to be held on Dec. 15 — a setback for opposition groups.

Justice Chaskalson was the first presiding judge of the post-apartheid Constitutional Court and served as chief justice from 2001 to 2005.